March 3, 2009
Carnival of the Liberals #85 comes to us from The Lay Scientist, a British blog.
Maybe most notable is the listing of Obama Action Comics, in the vein of Saturday Night Live’s “Ex-Presidents” superhero series.
Concluding a triplet of Obama-related posts I would like to present Jason’s “Obama Comics”. While playing on the internet one day, Jason found a cache of images of a Japanese Obama action-figure that bore an uncanny resemblance to various Blaxpoitation stars of years gone by. The inevitable comic strip resulted, and you can see this week’s episode, “Vol 1 No 12 – Coming Soon to a Radio Near You“, in which Obama deals with Rush Limbaugh, who I gather is famous in America.
The strip has language that makes it unsuitable for schools, let me warn you. No sound — probably Not Safe For Work if you work in a school, but nothing a high school teacher doesn’t hear daily anyway.
CoL #85 also introduces Greg Laden’s series, the Bible as Ethnography. Interesting.
The whole carnival list is interesting.
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Economics, Politics, President Obama, Presidents | Tagged: Carnival of the Liberals, Economics, Finance, Obama Action Comics, Politics | 
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Posted by Ed Darrell
March 2, 2009
Several states tried to reduce class size, but generally class sizes have not been reduced and are increasing again.
So, does class size affect student achievement?
The New York Times featured a story about a week ago on class size creeping up in New York City; and now there are comments in the letters section.
At recent legislative hearings on whether to renew mayoral control of the New York City schools, lawmakers and parents alike have asked, again and again, why Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg and Chancellor Joel I. Klein have not done more to reduce class size. On Tuesday, the Education Department issued a report that found the average number of children per class increased in nearly every grade this school year.
“If you’re going to spend an extra dollar, personally, I would always rather spend it on the people that deliver the service,” Mr. Bloomberg said when asked about the report on Thursday, calling class size “an interesting number.”
“It’s the teacher looking a child in the eye, and teachers can look lots of children in the eye,” he added. “If you have to have smaller class size or better teachers, go with the better teachers every time.”
Is that even the issue?
Does class size matter? Can a great teacher teach 40 students in a class, 200 students a day, better than a mediocre teacher can teach a smaller number?
How could we possibly know?
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2 Comments | Classroom management, Classroom size, Education, Education quality, Education spending, Education success, Research | Tagged: Class Size, Education, Education quality, Education spending | Permalink
Posted by Ed Darrell
March 2, 2009
The place to be today is Washington-on-the-Brazos State Historical Site, looking back 173 years.
Here on March 2 of that year [1836], 59 delegates signed the six-page document that declared the Republic of Texas free and independent of Mexico.
As related in the Dallas Morning News, it was a fretful time in Texas.
The convention delegates actually gathered on March 1, 1836, a month after they were elected and sent to Washington, a growing town on the Brazos River less than 100 miles northwest of what now is Houston.
The convention within weeks would adopt a constitution amid a swift series of events. While they were meeting, Travis and his men were killed at the Alamo. And just over another month later, Gen. Sam Houston’s army would defeat the Mexicans in the famous Battle of San Jacinto.
And, just in time for this year’s celebration, researchers announced they have recovered a document lost from the Texas State Archives for a century, the order for copies of the Texas Declaration to be copied and printed. Jim Bevill found the scrap of paper placed haphazardly in a file now housed at Southern Methodist University (SMU).
Author Jim Bevill found the order issued on March 2, 1836, for the first copies of the Texas Declaration of Independence in a collection donated to the Southern Methodist University library. The order had long been missing from the state archives. Photo by Michael Paulsen, Houston Chronicle
Resources:
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3 Comments | 1836, Freedom - Political, Historic documents, History, Holidays, Libraries, Museums, Texas, Texas history | Tagged: 1836, Texas, Texas Declaration of Independence, Texas history, Texas Independence Day, Washington-on-the-Brazos | Permalink
Posted by Ed Darrell
February 28, 2009
In a move that is likely to panic climate change denialists (and others who claim not to be denialists, but oppose acting because they claim to be “skeptical”), federal agencies working under the new Obama budget might actually do some of the necessary research. Bob Parks told the story in his weekly missive.
3. NASA: THINGS HAVE NOT GONE WELL IN CLIMATE OBSERVATIONS.
First there was the Bush Administration’s shameful cancellation of the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) launch in 2000. The only fingerprints on the cancellation belong to Dick Cheney. It would by now have settled the critical issue of the role of solar variation in global warming. Then, on Tuesday, the $278 million Orbital Carbon Observatory, designed to measure greenhouse gas emissions, crashed shortly after launch. The good news is that the Omnibus Appropriations Bill that passed on Wednesday provides $9 million for NASA to refurbish DSCOVR, which has been shut up in a Greenbelt, MD warehouse for 9 years.
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17 Comments | Climate change, Global warming, President Obama, Research, Science | Tagged: Climate change, CO2, Global warming, NASA, Politics, President Obama, Research, Science, Solar Variation | Permalink
Posted by Ed Darrell
February 28, 2009
Do the math: 930,000 U.S. kids with synesthesia, out of 60 million students. (Okay, “synaesthesia” for the British search programs.)
You might have one. A pyschologist in Britain did the research.
For the first time, psychologists have documented the prevalence of a form of synaesthesia – the condition that leads to a mixing of the senses – in a large sample of children. Over a twelve month period, Julia Simner and colleagues tested 615 children aged six to seven years at 21 UK schools and conservatively estimated that 1.3 per cent of them had grapheme-colour synaesthesia, in which letters and numbers involuntarily trigger the sensation of different colours.
“[This] implicates over 170,000 children age 0–17 in the UK alone, and over 930,000 in the USA,” the researchers said, “and suggests that the average primary school in England and Scotland (n = 168 pupils) contains 2.2 grapheme-colour synaesthetes at any time, while the average-sized US primary school (n = 396 pupils) contains 5.1.” Inevitably, the prevalence for synaesthesia as a whole, considering all the sub-types, would be even higher.
A hall-mark of grapheme-colour synaesthesia is that the colour triggered by a given letter or number is always the same – a fact the researchers exploited to identify the condition in school children.
Indeed, when asked to associate letters with colours, the children identified as synaesthetes showed more consistency over a 12-month-period than the other children did over a ten second period!
Researchers calculated about 5 such students in the average U.S. school, assuming a student population of about 400.
400! In Texas that’s a tiny high school that may have difficulty fielding a football team.
In Brain, a journal of neurology (abstract available, full text with subscription).
J. Simner, J. Harrold, H. Creed, L. Monro, L. Foulkes (2008). Early detection of markers for synaesthesia in childhood populations. Brain, 132 (1), 57-64 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awn292
Tip of the old scrub brush to Research Digest Blog.
Resources:
- More synesthesia research noted at Research Digest Blog
- Simner’s site at the University of Edinburgh (with links to news stories)
- BBC 2005, “Why some see colours in numbers”
- BBC’s Horizon, program on synesthesia
- New York Times, “When people see a sound and hear a color,” 1999
- New York Times, “Synesthesia: A strange gift,” letter to the editor, July 2, 2006
- New York Times, “A reason we call our cheddar ‘sharp’ and shirts ‘loud,'” Sandra Blakeslee, April 10, 2001
- The Man Who Tasted Shapes, Richard Cytowic (MIT Press 2003) (a reissue of the 1993 book?)
- Cytowic’s website, entry on The Man Who Tasted Shapes
- [Michael S. Gazzaniga reviewed Richard Cytowic’s The Man Who Tasted Shapes in the October 24, 1993 edition of the New York Times; I can’t find the review, but there are letters in response]; “All mixed up,” letter to the editor, November 21, 1993; second letter, same date
- Invitation to join the Synesthesia List, at the bottom of this page
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1 Comment | Books, Brain development, Brain learning, Learning, Neurology, psychology, Research, Science | Tagged: Books, Brain Science, Learning, Neurology, psychology, Science, Synaesthesia, Synesthesia | Permalink
Posted by Ed Darrell
February 27, 2009
Well, visits, anyway.
Former President George W. Bush and his wife, Laura, visiting John J. Pershing Elementary in Dallas, February 25, 2008
Former President George W. Bush and his wife, Laura, visiting John J. Pershing Elementary in Dallas, February 25, 2008. Photo from Dallas Independent School District, via Dallas Observer
This is from the press announcement by the Dallas Independent School District:
Former President George W. Bush and Mrs. Laura Bush made a surprise visit Wednesday to their neighborhood school, Dallas ISD’s John J.Pershing Elementary. Mr. Bush visited every classroom at the school and stayed for more than an hour.
“He and Mrs. Bush were very warm and inviting and they stopped and acknowledged every person in the school,” said Pershing principal Margarita Hernandez. “This is an experience that our children will never forget. President Bush made several students pledge and commit themselves to read more instead of watching TV. He told students that reading is the key to everything, including to being president.”
Pershing Elementary has an enrollment of 482 students and is located at 5715 Meaders Lane in Dallas. This past school year, it received the Recognized ranking from the Texas Education Agency.
No interruptions this time.
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1 Comment | Education, No Child Left Behind Act, Presidents, Texas | Tagged: Dallas, Dallas ISD, George W. Bush, Pershing Elementary | Permalink
Posted by Ed Darrell
February 27, 2009
I couldn’t believe it either.
Remember all the flap about a flurry of earthquakes in the Yellowstone Caldera over the Christmas holidays? Volcano monitoring is critical to safety in California, Oregon, Washington, Montana, Idaho, Wyoming and Alaska — not to mention Hawaii’s special circumstances — and to all neighboring states or those within downwind striking distance of a volcanic event.
A volcanic field now in southern Idaho erupted a few millions of years ago, spreading ash that killed creatures as far away as Nebraska. “Neighboring state” covers a lot of territory.
So, Bobby Jindal, in his response to the Obama budget proposal speech, said the U.S. should get out of the volcano monitoring business. It was not clear whether there were no rocks in his head, but neither was there knowledge about rocks where it should be in his head.
Green Gabbro, a real geologist, couldn’t believe it either.
- DID HE SERIOUSLY JUST SAY THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD NOT BE MONITORING VOLCANOES??!?!!!????@#$@!
Ignoring for the sake of argument the value of the basic science that always results from the data collected during routine monitoring – ignoring the general function of increased spending as an economic stimulus to the nation’s earth scientists, instrument manufacturers, etc., – even ignoring all that, volcano monitoring is still a very sensible investment in national security. A $1.5 million investment in monitoring at Pinatubo (near a U.S. air force base) earned a greater than 300-fold return when the volcano erupted explosively in 1991: hundreds of millions of dollars worth of property (mostly airplanes) was saved, as were thousands of lives. That 30,000% figure comes before you attempt to put a value on human life.
But then, Sarah Palin is in one of those areas where a failure to monitor volcanoes might lead to huge disaster. It’s an unusual way to knock out a political rival, and not certain, but were Sarah Palin to disappear into a volcanic cloud, Bobby Jindal’s path to the Republican nomination for president might be less cluttered. He’s a Rhodes Scholar — surely he can’t be that stupid about volcanoes, so the evil alternative, that he hopes to get rid of Palin, is the only thing that makes sense, isn’t it?
Is there no one in the Republican Party who will stand up for science and reason?
Resources:
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9 Comments | Geography - Physical, Geography - Political, geology, Junk science, Politics, Research, Science, Voodoo science, War on Science | Tagged: Bobby Jindal, Budget, geography, geology, Politics, Rampant stupidity, Volcanoes | Permalink
Posted by Ed Darrell
February 26, 2009
Cross posted from Mr. Darrell’s Wayback Machine, with permission, with minor edits.
Everybody needs to have a copy of the Declaration of Independence and U.S. Constitution close at hand.
Original rough draft of the Declaration of Independence written out in longhand by Thomas Jefferson, featuring “emendations” by Benjamin Franklin and John Adams – Library of Congress Manuscripts Division
Too often I’ve been in classes where textbooks didn’t have them, though in some cases the course clearly required it (especially irritating in high school texts, but not unheard of in college texts). The two documents are covered in depth in the requirements for Texas 10th grade social studies (world history), but not in the texts.
Both documents provide a foundation for analysis of events following, through the 19th and 20th centuries.
Where is the student of world history to find them?
Here:
Declaration of Independence
Constitution of the United States of America
Rotunda of the National Archives in Washington, D.C., where the Declaration and Constitution are kept on display – National Archives photo
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2 Comments | 100 Milestone Documents of U.S. History, 1776, 1787, Bill of Rights, DBQ sources, Declaration of Independence, Government, Historic documents, History, U.S. Constitution | Permalink
Posted by Ed Darrell
February 26, 2009
Newark Star-Ledger file photo of kids at recess at Newton Street School. Patti Sapone photo
The old classroom teachers knew it. The new, test-the-hell-out-of-the-little-brats administrators need to learn it.
Kids need physical activity to be good students.
A study published this month in the journal Pediatrics studied the links between recess and classroom behavior among about 11,000 children age 8 and 9. Those who had more than 15 minutes of recess a day showed better behavior in class than those who had little or none. Although disadvantaged children were more likely to be denied recess, the association between better behavior and recess time held up even after researchers controlled for a number of variables, including sex, ethnicity, public or private school and class size.
The lead researcher, Dr. Romina M. Barros, a pediatrician and an assistant clinical professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, said the findings were important because many schools did not view recess as essential to education.
The article in the science section of the New York Times put it well:
The best way to improve children’s performance in the classroom may be to take them out of it.
A convicted murderer in prison gets an hour a day for exercise. But our kids, the high-performing ones we depend on for our nation’s future? We treat them worse than convicted felons?
Nota bene: Even just a little movement works. It works for adults, too.
Resources:
-
PEDIATRICS Vol. 123 No. 2 February 2009, pp. 431-436 (doi:10.1542/peds.2007-2825) (subscription required for full text), “School Recess and Group Classroom Behavior,” Romina M. Barros, MD, Ellen J. Silver, PhD and Ruth E. K. Stein, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Children’s Hospital at Montefiore and Rose F. Kennedy Center, Bronx, New York
OBJECTIVES. This study examines the amount of recess that children 8 to 9 years of age receive in the United States and compares the group classroom behavior of children receiving daily recess with that of children not receiving daily recess.
- See this year-old post at The Elementary Educator
- Post in agreement from the venerable Trust for Public Lands, one of the best and best respected non-profits in America
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5 Comments | Classroom management, Education, Education assessment, Education quality, Education success, psychology, Research, Teaching, Testing | Tagged: Classroom management, Education, Obesity, Physical Activity, Recess, Research, student performance, Testing | Permalink
Posted by Ed Darrell
February 25, 2009
Did you listen to the Republican response to President Obama’s speech last night?
Louisiana’s Gov. Bobby Jindal delivered the response — and “delivered” is a pretty good description of the style of the thing. My wife and I had sarcastically predicted the Republicans would call for taxcuts as a cure for everything, from broken legs to global warming — and Jindal did just that.
Is Bobby Jindal running for president? Then, just as he was not the guy the Republicans should have picked for vice president in 2008, he’s not the guy for 2012, or 2016, or any other time. I was right the first time: “Not Bobby Jindal: The parable of the idiot candidate.”
It’s still not Bobby Jindal. Nor was it, nor is it, Sarah Palin. Will Republicans figure that out?
(Yeah, he’s a Rhodes Scholar. He’s also a creationist. Sometime between getting selected for Oxford and running for governor he appears to have volunteered for a lobotomy. We don’t know yet the extent of the impairment to his judgment, but it probably isn’t limited to science, and even if it were, that’s enough to disqualify him.)
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5 Comments | Campaigns, History, Politics, President Obama, Presidents | Tagged: Bobby Jindal, Campaign 2012, Economics, Politics, Presidential Campaigns, Response to Obama | Permalink
Posted by Ed Darrell
February 25, 2009
Here’s a great tool for geography study of Africa.
AfricaMap is based on the Harvard University Geospatial Infrastructure (HUG) platform, and was developed by the Center for Geographic Analysis to make spatial data on Africa easier for researchers to discover and explore.
Harvard's Africa Map, sample image, via Google Maps Mania
It’s an interactive tool. You can capture images (another add-on might be necessary) — but look at all the different layers you can use, live, on your computer.
Good source for student projects, no?
Tip of the old scrub brush to Google Maps Mania.
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Leave a Comment » | Africa, Classroom technology, Economics, Geography - Economic, Geography - Physical, Geography - Political, History, History images, Student projects, Technology in the classroom | Permalink
Posted by Ed Darrell
February 24, 2009
Any visitor to Thomas Jefferson’s home at Monticello knows of Jefferson’s wide-ranging interests, and work in science and invention. I was rather surprised to discover the depth of George Washington’s inventive work, in a seminar sponsorred by the Bill of Rights Institute at Mount Vernon a few years ago.
Abraham Lincoln, too?
Lincoln lived along the Sangamon River, and he saw development of the river for commercial navigation to be a boon for his district’s economic growth. Unfortunately, the Sangamon is not deep; boats had difficult times navigating over the many logs and snags, and shallows.
So, Mr. Lincoln offered a technical solution, for which he was granted a patent in 1849. Details below, from Google Patents:
lincoln-patent-for-buoying_vessels_over_shoals
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4 Comments | Abraham Lincoln, Geography - Economic, Geography - Physical, Historic documents, History, Invention, Patents, Science, Technology | Permalink
Posted by Ed Darrell
February 23, 2009
Earth and Sky reminds us that tonight is a good chance to see Comet Lulin, if you can see it at all from where you are.
Earth and Sky shows where to see Comet Lulin on February 23, 2009
Comet Lulin probably won’t be high enough in the east for decent viewing until 8:30 or 9:00 p.m. Later at night is even better. At mid-evening, two respectively bright starlike points of light bedeck the eastern sky. The higher of these two lights is the star Regulus, the brightest star in the constellation Leo the Lion. Saturn is to the lower left of Regulus, its golden color contrasting to that of sparkling blue-white Regulus. If you can’t distinguish their colors with the unaided eye, try looking at Saturn and Regulus with binoculars.
Comet Lulin and Saturn will remain within each other’s vicinity all night long, until morning dawn finally washes them from the sky. Look for Comet Lulin and Saturn to swing highest up for the night around 1 a.m. on February 24, at which time they’ll be due south. If you’re up before dawn on February 24, look for Comet Lulin and Saturn in your western sky.
Astronomers believe this is Comet Lulin’s first trip into the inner solar system. There’s always an element of unpredictability associated with comets, especially a pristine comet like Comet Lulin. Comet Lulin may match, exceed or fall short of expectations, but there is no way to know for sure unless you look!
If you miss Comet Lulin by Saturn on February 23-24, try again on the night of February 27-28, when Comet Lulin will cozy up with Regulus!
I understand t The comet’s discoverer is a school boy 19-year-old university student in China, who found the comet in photos taken at Taiwan’s Lulin Observatory (usually comets are named after their discoverer, but not this time). Way to go, amateur astronomers! Way to go, cooperation between Taiwan and the People’s Republic of China.
And, if you have really great telescope, here’s what you can see:
NASA's APOD caption: "Explanation: Sweeping through the inner solar system, Comet Lulin is easily visible in both northern and southern hemispheres with binoculars or a small telescope. Recent changes in Lulin's lovely greenish coma and tails are featured in this two panel comparison of images taken on January 31st (top) and February 4th. Taken from dark New Mexico Skies, the images span over 2 degrees. In both views the comet sports an apparent antitail at the left -- the comet's dust tail appearing almost edge on from an earth-based perspective as it trails behind in Lulin's orbit. Extending to the right of the coma, away from the Sun, is the beautiful ion tail. Remarkably, as captured in the bottom panel, Comet Lulin's ion tail became disconnected on February 4, likely buffeted and torn away by magnetic fields in the solar wind. In 2007 NASA satellites recorded a similar disconnection event for Comet Encke. Don't worry, though. Comet tails can grow back." Photos copyright by Joseph Brimacombe
Resources:
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3 Comments | Astronomy, Science | Tagged: Astronomy, Comet Lulin, Cool Stuff, Science | Permalink
Posted by Ed Darrell
February 23, 2009
Wild Sumatran tiger - "Face on with wild tiger in Sumatra. This animal didn't like camera traps and destroyed three over a weekend." Photo by Michael Lowe, 2006, Wikimedia Commons. See William Blake's poem, below.
Reuters reports from Jakarta, on six people killed by tigers in Indonesia recently:
On Sunday, a tiger attacked and killed a man carrying logs near an illegal logging camp, Wurjanto said. Two other loggers in the same area were mauled and killed on Saturday.
Preliminary findings suggested the attacks were taking place because people were disturbing the habitat of the tigers, Wurjanto said.
* * * * *
The Sumatran tiger is the most critically endangered of the world’s tiger subspecies.
Forest clearances, killings due to human-tiger conflict, and illegal hunting for the trade in their parts, have led to tiger numbers halving to an estimated 400-500 on the Indonesian island from an estimated 1,000 in the 1970s, conservationists said.
Under Texas law, a homeowner may use deadly force to stop trespassers, especially someone who poses a threat to the homeowner and the property. I wonder whether the tigers will even get a trial.
A tree poacher mauled to death by the endangered tigers whose habitat he destroys: Perfect example of poetic justice.
Tyger! Tyger! burning bright,
In the forests of the night,
What immortal hand or eye
Could frame thy fearful symmetry?
In what distant deeps or skies
Burnt the fire in thine eyes?
On what wings dare he aspire?
What the hand dare seize the fire?
And what shoulder, and what art?
Could twist the sinews of thy heart?
And when thy heart began to beat,
What dread hand, and what dread feet?
What the hammer? What the chain?
In what furnace was thy brain?
What the anvil? What dread grasp
Dare its deadly terrors clasp?
When the stars threw down their spears,
And watered heaven with their tears,
Did he smile his work to see?
Did he who made the Lamb, make thee?
Tyger! Tyger! burning bright,
In the forests of the night,
What immortal hand or eye
Dare frame thy fearful symmetry?
— William Blake
Resources:
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Leave a Comment » | Environmental justice, Environmental protection, Humor, Justice, Law | Tagged: Deforestation, Development, Environmental protection, Indonesia, Justice, Tigers | Permalink
Posted by Ed Darrell
February 23, 2009
Four Stone Hearth #60 is up, hosted by Middle Savagery.
Yes, I know, I’ve been remiss in carnivalling lately. Heck, I’ve been remiss in posting. The water in the Bathtub is actually too cold for bathing at the moment, as I’m away metaphorically, working on serious curriculum matters.
So, it’s a good time to take a look at something like the best archaeology blog carnival around. It’s up to edition Number 60? Great news, really, that there is so much material to cover. There is some delightful morsel in every edition.
Bad Death Ritual - See the entire post at Ideophone: "A 'bad death' ritual in Ghana's Volta Region. On the village cemetery, relatives of a man who died in a hunting accident listen anxiously to a woman who is possessed by the spirit of the deceased. The hunters, who have just brought the spirit home from the place of the accident deep in the jungle, keep their distance. Red is the colour of danger, black that of death." Photo by Mark Dingemanse
FSH #60 is heavy on photos — grist for your better slide presentations, no?
Zenobia, Empress of the East looks at a project that used lasers to scan a bas relief on a rock in the 3rd century A.D. Parthian empire — er, maybe Persian — but wait! Is that Greek influence in that carving?
This extraordinary relief is carved on a huge limestone boulder at the cliff edge of a remote, not to say ‘hidden’ valley in the rugged mountains of northeastern Khuzistan [at the southwestern edge of the Iranian plateau, sharing a border with southern Iraq (= the big red blob on the map, below right)]. In ancient times, this was the heartland of Elymais, sometimes a small empire, more often a vassal to more powerful states.
21st century technology and science applied to help solve a 700-year-old mystery. Does archaeology get much better than that?
Especially if you’re inclined to study Neanderthals, or for a great sidebar on the value of biodiveristy, take a look at Remote Central’s post on the last stand of Neanderthal, on Gibralter.
There is much more in Four Stone Hearth #60.
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1 Comment | Ancient history, Anthropology, Archaeology, Art, History and art, History images, History Methods and Tools, Research, Science, Weblogs | Permalink
Posted by Ed Darrell
Millard Fillmore's Bathtub 